One-lined air brake



F. KASANTZEFF ONE-LINED AIR BRAKE Filed July 21-, 1925 March 8, 1927.

'ing it from the brake speclally precise mosphere,

Patented Mar. 8, 1927.

FIJORENTIN"KASANTZEFF; OF BERL IN, GERMANY.

1 onnmnnn AIRLIBBAKE.

1 Application file d July -2 1 The -invention relates to {It-53136612111 device and arrangement of partsin an air brake of :the type having-=only one air pipe running along the railway tl'ELlILOl!Otl16ICa-1S to be braked. o

The fiSSQIlilZll feature consists in a ruling device, which on a decrease oruncrease of pressure, producedin the train pipe, produces aestronger decrease or inc-reaseotair pressure in a governing chamber otthedis' tributor, used-ton feeding air to and exhaustcylinder. ,Hereby a I governing of the brake action is attained. Further, the ruling device may be advantageouslyxso constructed, that it produces iDVQISGiPlGSSHlQ alterations as induced inthe train pipe, :and an extraordinary simple and effective distributoris used in connection therewith. V r

A sample of the invention is shown inf the drawing,'in Which the ruling device and distributor are shown in section.

On the locomotive or other tractorvthe usual-appliances may be arranged, suchzas 'anair pump, amain air container and, a

leaders valve, which:-serve=1-'for producing and maintainingany desired pressure in a the train pipe 4 running along the cars or wagons'. to be braked.

On awagon, a ieed valve 5 1s connected to the train pipe 4 and alpipe flli leadstrqm said feed valve to a chamber 37- ofthe distributor 8, which inits turn is; connected to the au'X ilia'ry container 6. ubyv a; pipe 110' and to the brakecylinder 9. l .A ruling device 7 is connected totheitraini-pipe by -a;piipe 50, further to the aux-iliaryconta-iner ti by a pipe 51, and to the governingrhamber 52 oft-hedistributor by a pipe 12.

The ruling device 7' contains two diaphragms 27-and 28 ofdifierent sizes and a loading spring 80 is so arranged as to press the larger diaphragm 27 inward. The space 53 between the diaphragms is connected to the train pipe 4. The space 54 below the larger diaphragm 27 is connected to the atand the space 55 above the smaller diaphragm 28 is connected to the above men tioned pipe 12. A double valve 56 1s so arranged, that it connects the space 55 alternately to the atmosphere or to a chamber 57, which communicates with the pipe 51 leading to the auxiliary container 6 and to the distributor. Y

The action is as follows. When a certain 192s. seriai- No: 1 2 1,031.

normal pressure 1eX1-sts 1n .the middle .chamber 53,-atmospheric pressure exists in the upper chamber .55. NVhen the, pressureain chamber 53 becomes augmented or diminished, in consequence of the different areas fot the diaphragms, and due to the spring 30, corresponding pressure differences inan increased degree and in inverselsenseare producedin the upper chamber 55-by raid of the double-valve-56. V i

In the appertain rng distributor 8 :th-ree diaphragms 38, 89, 40, an air chamber. 37 and a double valve 47 zarearrangedasshown in the drawing. The chamber,58zbetween; the

greatest diaphrag-ms 38, 39 is open to :the atmosphere. The chamber 59 between .the smaller diaphragms 39,40 is connected to a valve coneafiO, which -has-an atmospheric channel'6l and a connecting channel--62 adapted for connecting the{space :59 to'the smaller chamber68 land to the brake cylinden 9. v

The general action of the whole device. is that in running position all chambers o'i'ithe distributor are :under atmospheric, pressure, but anydecrease;ot'pressure in the {train pipe 4 produces an increase ofv pressure inthe distributor chamber 52, and thereby the dia- @creasee-oiwair pressure in" the train pipe 4 produces a decrease-of pressure in said chamber. 52 and thereby an; inverse movement of the: diaphragm: system, i so Ethat through the double valve 47: air is exhausted from cham- -ber- 63sand' the brake correspondinglyyreleased.

In the shown position of the valve cone a strong braking action is obtained, as needed for loaded wagons, as follows. The intermediate chambers 58 and 59 being open to the atmosphere, the whole area difference of the greatest diaphragm 38 and the smallest diaphragm 40 is effective for the movement of the diaphragm system, and therefore strong pressure difference and corresponding strong braking actions are produced by the chamber 63. When the valve cone 60 is turned so as to connect the spaces 59 and 68, a weaker braking action is obtained due to the smaller difference of area of the now acting diaphragms 38 and 39; this position is used for unloading wagons. In each casethe double valve 47 has the action of admitting or exhausting air to or from the chamber 63 and the brake cylinder, so that graduated braking or brake loosening according to the pressures produced in the chamber 52 is obtained.

It is to be remarked that any overnormal pressure arising in the train pipe can not disturb the brake, as it has only the effect of compressing the spring opening there by more or less by valve 56 the atmospheric outlet of the chamber 55 which in normal running position has to be under atmospheric pressure.

Further, due to the circumstance, that all chambers of the distributor are under atmospheric pressure in running position, extremely small losses of air are encountered, and any braking action becomes very precise, as thepressure graduations in the governing chamber 52 of the distributor, arising on the base of atmospheric pressure, are relatively great and thereby very effective.

The air chamber 3? acts as an advantageous acceleration chamber by quickly furnishing a certain quantity of air for applying the brake blocks to the Wheels, and moreover it smoothes the variations of the braking pressures.

I claim:

1. A one lined air brake comprising in combination a train pipe, an auxiliary air container, a brake cylinder, a distributor adapted to admit air from said auxiliary container to said brake cylinder, and a ruling device so connected to said train pipe and distributor, that by different pressures in said train pipe, below a normal running pressure, relatively greater pressure differences are produced in the connection to said distributor.

2. A one lined air brake comprising in combination a train pipe, an auxiliary air container, a brake cylinder, a distributor adapted to admit air from said auxiliary container and train pipe to said brake cylinder, and a ruling device so connected to said train pipe and distributor, that by different pressures in said train pipe, below a normal running pressure, relatively greater pressure differences are produced in the connection to said. distributor.

3. A one lined air brake comprising in combination a train pipe, an auxiliary air container, a brake cylinder, a distributor adapted to admit air from said auxiliary container to said brake cylinder, and a ruling device so connected to said train pipe and distributor, that by different pressures in said train pipe, below a. normal running pressure, inversely corresponding pressure variations are produced in the connection to said distributor.

4. A one lined air brake comprising in combination a train pipe, an auxiliary air container, a brake cylinder, a distributor adapted to admit air from said auxiliary container to said brake cylinder, and a ruling device comprising two piston like acting members of different areas, operatively connected to each other, an atmospheric chamber adjoining to the outer face of the larger or" said members, a chamber between said members, connected to the train pipe, a second chamber adjoining to the outer face of the smaller of said member and connected 7 to the distributor, a spring pressing said greater member inward, and a double valve in operative connection to said members, so that on an increase of pressure in said middle chamber an increase of pressurein said second chamber is produced.

5..A one lined air brake comprising in combination a train pipe, an auxiliary air container, a brake cylinder, a ruling device adapted to produce positive air pressure corresponding to train pipe air pressure diminutions, and a distributor containing two piston like acting members of different areas, the greater of which members being loaded by the air pressure produced by said ruling device, and the smaller of which being loaded in opposite direction by the air contained in the brake cylinder.

In witness whereof I affix my signature.

FLORENTIN KASANTZEFF. 

